A Systematic Review on the Existing Research, Practices, and Prospects Regarding Urban Green Infrastructure for Thermal Comfort in a High-Density Urban Context

Urban green infrastructures (UGI) have been suggested as a natural solution to tackle the problem of human thermal comfort well reduce energy consumption in buildings under pressures rapid urbanization and global warming. However, acceptance UGI mitigate urban heat effect is not yet universal. The development such an infrastructure also consistent across regions, emphasizing different objective parameters methodologies. A systematic review has conducted analyze published research work on UGI, targeting comfort, past decade identify trends around world. result shows that most studied locations were situated Mediterranean Sea region temperate climate, cities are within countries with high gross domestic product, large area population, primary consumption, greenhouse gas carbon dioxide emissions. Extensive roofs popular type mostly use Sedum plants. In studies, experimental setups common methods by which collect data. EnergyPlus software used conduct analysis for buildings, whereas ENVI-met more commonly microclimate analysis. These results indicated direction studies driven climate characteristics socioeconomic factors geographical location, favor low construction cost maintenance needs, minimal irrigation requirement small-scale projects. Understanding trend approaches allows researchers standardize practices help decision-making process future while recognizing limitations potential current practices. It recommended should include arid equatorial focus large-scale projects including high-rise building environments comprehensively evaluate effectiveness UGIs.